9 research outputs found
INTERNET AS A NEW TOOL IN THE FIRM STRATEGY OF THE BULGARIAN EXPORT ORIENTED ENTERPRISES
This paper presents the preliminary results of the research of the Internet usage in the Bulgarian export firms. There are analyzed such problems as introduction of Internet, motivation to use it, its application and economic effects of its usage. The main goal of the current development is to present the results of a research concerning the entering and potential of the Internet technology as an instrument for overcoming barriers, connected with international activity of the Bulgarian companies. The conclusions rely on the preliminary results of the survey, conducted in the period May-September 2003. The survey covers the summarized data from 81 export orientated companies, which activities are realized in different spheres of the national economy. Respondents are companies registered in Bulgaria, which realize export activity and have an e-mail and/or firm Internet page. The selection of the researched companies is not casual and while forming the extract was searched a balance between small, medium-sized and large enterprises.Internet, export enterprises, firm strategy
ESTIMATING BULGARIAβS TRADE BORDERS WITH THE EU AN APPLICATION OF THE EMPIRICAL GRAVITY MODEL OF TRADE
We use the empirical gravity model of international trade to evaluate the borders in manufacturing trade between Bulgaria and the European Union (BG-EU). Our results suggest that in 2006 the BG-EU border was quite large and not statistically different from the average border in our sample of 69 countries. As expected, our estimates confirm that the trade border between Bulgaria and the EU members was very large, and much larger than the average sample border, before the collapse of communism. The border fell sharply in the early to mid-90s, but it followed the average sample trend since then. We also document weak asymmetries in the BG-EU border in favor of EU exports to Bulgaria. Our results point to a series of extensions and further analysis
THE IMPACT OF CULTURAL HETEROGENEITY ON THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROCESS
After sixty years of integration, the idea of a united Europe has been put to the test. The purpose of this article is to put to discussion the degree of integration achievable between the member states. European Union
integration which has been achieved so far is evaluated in the light of the three schools for regional integration: neoliberal models, the dirigiste school and structuralism. A new division of integration forms is proposed: technical
and substantial integration. Technical integration is exogenous in nature and refers to the objects of integration, while substantial integration is endogenous
and refers to the subjects of integration. The article focuses on cultural differences in the EU as a factor underlying substantial integration
DEVELOPMENT OF A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR SYSTEM APPROACH FOR INTERNATIONAL MARKET SELECTION
ΠΠ·Π±ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°Ρ Π΅ Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΉ-Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ. ΠΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ°. Π‘ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΈΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠΈ.
Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ»Π° β Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ» Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π· ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π΅. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ» Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° βΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½Π΅β (Learning by doing) ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. Market selection process is one of the milestone decisions in the strategic management. Despite its importance usually decisions are intuitive. With the development of the technology and digitalised economic processes, companies will need a formal and systematic, qualitative and quantitative analysis for international markets.
There are two basic conceptions in the project β scientific and training. The scientific one stands on the successful experience of foreign researchers and companies on international market selection. The training one stands on the application of the βLearning by doingβ method and sharing personal experience
DEVELOPMENT OF A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR SYSTEM APPROACH FOR INTERNATIONAL MARKET SELECTION
ΠΠ·Π±ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°Ρ Π΅ Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΉ-Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ. ΠΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ°. Π‘ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΈΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠΈ. Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ»Π° β Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ» Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π· ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π΅. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ» Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° βΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½Π΅β (Learning by doing) ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. Market selection process is one of the milestone decisions in the strategic management. Despite its importance usually decisions are intuitive. With the development of the technology and digitalised economic processes, companies will need a formal and systematic, qualitative and quantitative analysis for international markets. There are two basic conceptions in the project β scientific and training. The scientific one stands on the successful experience of foreign researchers and companies on international market selection. The training one stands on the application of the βLearning by doingβ method
and sharing personal experienc
SCENARIOS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AND THEIR POSSIBLE EFFECTS ON THE BULGARIAN ECONOMY
Π Π΅Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π²Π°Ρ Π·Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠ° ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ-Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π° Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ‘ ΠΈ ΡΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎ Π΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ‘; Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π° Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π½Π° Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ; Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π²Π° ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π° Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ. Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎ ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΠΠ‘-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, SWOT-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·. The reality in the European Union makes it necessary to consider various scenarios for the future development of the European integration. The inclusion of the Republic of Bulgaria in the single market makes our country a part of a much larger
space, which directly affects the economic processes in the country. Therefore, we need to consider the impact of the possible scenarios for the development of the EU and their
effects on the development of the Bulgarian economy. The study aims to develop possible scenarios for the future development of the European integration. The formulated tasks are to analyse the geographical orientation of the EUβs foreign trade relations; to analyse the foreign direct investments in the
Republic of Bulgaria and their implications for the economy of the country in the context of the European integration processes; to analyse the trends in the European integration processes and their impact on the Bulgarian economy. It supports the idea that the possible scenarios for the development of the European integration are to be reflected in the national integration policy. The study presents a positive, a realistic and a negative scenarios for the European integration and reflects their potential effects on the economy of the Republic of Bulgaria. The study employs graphical and tabular methods, ABC-analysis, SWOTanalysis
BULGARIAβS FOREIGN TRADE SPECIALIZATION AND THE FIRMSβ BEHAVIOUR DURING ECONOMIC CRISIS
Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ² Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°. Π ΠΎΠ±Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 2007-2010 Π³., ΠΊΠΎΠΉΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π²Π° Ρ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·Π° Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡ. The paper aims to study the changes in Bulgariaβs foreign trade and firmsβ behavior in the times of economic crisis. The study covers the volume and structure of Bulgariaβs trade flows with other countries all over the world. The scope of the study also includes the changes in trade specialization in the period 2007-2010, which is characterized by the effect of various specific factors on the global economic development. The study analyzes the effect of the economic crisis on Bulgarian businesses engaged in foreign trade operations
FOREIGN TRADE SPECIALIZATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE EU MEMBER STATES
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° βΠΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈ-
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΆ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ‘β Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ‘ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π½Π° Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π½Π°Π»Π°Π³Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅βΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ, Π΄ΡΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²
ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π‘ΡΡΠ·Π° ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ. Π’ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅βΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ‘, ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΡ. Π Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΠ‘ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°
2007β2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄., ΠΊΠΎΠΉΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π²Π° Ρ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°. The research βForeign Trade Specialization and Economic Growth of the EU Member Statesβ aims to study the relations between the production and trade specialization and the economic development of the EU Member States under the conditions of globalization and integration. These two processes impose various political, and hence economic requirements to the Member States due to their different positions within the Union and the world in general. It covers the volume and structure of the trade flows among the Member States within the European Union as well as the trade flows of each Member States with other countries all over the world. The scope of the study also includes the changes in the trade specialization on the various stages of expansion of the
EU in the period 2007-2010, which is characterized by the effect of various specific factors on the global economic development